Analysis Of The Movie 12 Years A Slave - 1735 Words

Introduction In the movie â€Å"12 Years A Slave†, we are introduce to a middle class well educated African American free man, name Solomon Northrop, who was married man with two children; a son and a daughter. He was coerced, deceived and fell victim of Human Trafficker, who sold him to slavery for 12yrs. Even though this event happened in 1841, before Emancipation Proclamation by President Abraham Lincoln in January 1863, which set freed every slave in the United States, the same crime still happens today across the globe. Despite all our technology, the new age ideology and advancement in law enforcement agencies, we have over 27 million men and women, mostly women and children being kidnapped, abducted, coerced, lured, into modern day slavery through Human Trafficking across the globe. This number is far greater than number of enslaved men and women before 1863 Emancipation Proclamation. The federal agency tasked with combating this heinous act against humanity in United States is the Department of Homeland Security. The role of Department of Homeland Security in general is to make United States a safe place for its people. This involves passing laws and writing new policies, fighting crimes, and preventing terrorism, among other complex issues. Homeland Security is about safety and protecting the freedom we are accorded as citizens. Some of the works that Homeland Security specialized on are in these areas; Cybersecurity, Counterterrorism, Immigration and BorderShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Movie 12 Years A Slave 1279 Words   |  6 Pages12 Years a Slave The antagonist in this film was Master Edwin Epps. He is a cotton plantation owner, who owns many slaves. He is an unstable drunk, who is his worst when intoxicated. He is married to a woman named Mary, yet is infatuated with his best cotton picker Patsey. Many of his slaves called him a cruel and unjust man. His love for a Patsey leads him to become in a way, crazy. He doesn t know how to control his feelings of love and hate for her, so he feels he does horrible things to herRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie 12 Years A Slave 1083 Words   |  5 Pages12 Years a Slave Change can sometimes be overwhelming for those who are used to being where they have been for a while. Change can be beneficial or it can be horribly uncomfortable to adjust to. Change can come through the minds that want a difference and it can also be forced upon someone like a hurricane or an unapproved marriage. One fact about change is that no matter how hard one tries to avoid it, it will eventually happen and there is nothing he/ she can do about it. It’s unavoidable. SometimesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie 12 Years A Slave 1429 Words   |  6 PagesIn 12 Years A Slave (2013), directed by Steve McQueen, the audience is provided with an understanding of characters, place and main character’s experience through mise-en-scene and cinematography. 12 Years a Slave surrounds a black man named Solomon Northup, who was sold into slavery in the 1850’s. It is a graphic retelling of a slave’s existence in Louisiana. The specific sequence used for analysis is one where Northup attempts to escape, but stumbles upon a lynching ritual. By use of cinematographyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie 12 Years A Slave 1051 Words   |  5 Pages 12 Years a Slave is a drama film about a free African American man, Solomon Northup, who was kidnapped and sold to slavery. The movie was released in 2013 starring Chiwetel Ejiofor as Solomon Northup, Benedict Cumberbatch, and Brad Pitt. 12 Years a Slave has earned three Academy Awards and a Golden Globe. The movie is based off of a memoir written in 1853 by Solomon Northup. The film is for people who are fascinated with history and enjoy dramatic scenes. However, it is also a movie that informsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie 12 Years A Slave 1114 Words   |  5 Pages12 Years a Slave is based on a true story which occurred in 1841 where a free African-American violinist name Solomon Northup who lived in Saratoga New York with his wife and children was kidnapped and sold into slavery in the pre- civil war under the name of Platt. He faced cruelty by many slave owners as well as unexpected kindness from others. He finds that cooperation generally gets some nowhere and sometimes gets you into trouble due to jealousy. There were times when he thought he could trustRead More12 Years a Slave movie-analysis Essay1093 Words   |  5 Pages12 Years a Slave The movie  «12 Years a slave » is based on the book  «12 Years a Slave » by Soloman Northup. Its his life story of how he got lured in a trap and kidnapped in 1841. Its about how he was sold into slavery in the south, and what happened during those 12 years a slave . The movie was released in 2013, but the book was first published in 1853. The setting of the movie was in the US, mostly in the states New York and Louisiana. The film was directed by Steve McQueen, hes also knownRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie 12 Years A Slave By Steve Mcqueen1396 Words   |  6 Pages The movie 12 Years a Slave, directed by Steve McQueen, depicts a free black man, Solomon Northup, from New York who was drugged and kidnapped in order to be sold into slavery in the pre-Civil War South. The movie is filled with powerful scenes and moments of tension that portray the cruel, gruesome years that millions of slaves experienced. For the next twelve years of Solomon’s life, the movie illustrates how he became a piece of property under several different masters. Solomon spent the bulkRead MoreAnalysis Of Django Unchained And 12 Years A Slave1543 Words   |  7 PagesAt first, I wanted to analyze the movie Django Unchained and how it took a somewhat satirical approach on slavery and how slaves were treated in the 19th century. But when I saw 12 Years a Slave, and how it took a more serious approach on how slavery was in the 19th century. There were a lot of compare and contrasts that came up as I finished watching both films. So nonetheless, this is a double feature analysis on Django Unchained and 12 Years a Slave. Here I will summarize and discuss about theRead More12 Years a Slave and Fruitvale Station Essay1389 Words   |  6 Pagesjustice to be truthful. Through analysis of present day motion pictures that stem from American history such as â€Å"12 Years A Slave† and â€Å"Fruitvale Station† reveals some of the legal and ethical concerns that are prominent today can be revealed: Historically law has been altered but the integrity of the law still remains in question. Literature Review Let’s start with some of the issues that were brought about in the film â€Å"12 Years A Slave†. After viewing the movie twice, not only did it show thatRead MoreThe Effect Of Sound On A Film Scene1353 Words   |  6 Pagesof the scene. Music in a film creates a point of experience for the spectator. Patterns of tension and release exemplified by the sound of the scene provide a sense of organization, connection and meaning to the audience. In my short clip from 12 years a Slave I have used music as a part of cinematic diagesis as well as a means of communication to my audience the psychological drama of the narrative at the subconscious level. Sound in a scene can communicate meaning and give life to a moving image

Ancient Athenian And Egyptian Women - 1466 Words

One of the most striking differences between ancient Athenian women and ancient Egyptian women was the ability to hold positions of power. Egyptian women were monarchs and held other positions depending on their social status. (Capel 1996, 176) Women were allowed to participate in low ranking government jobs, especially during war when the men are off fighting and leaving behind their positions. However, these positions were not kept for long because the men upon return automatically earned their position back by being the superior sex (Watterson 1991,). However, ancient Athenian and Egyptian women did have some similarities regarding their role in society. They were both allowed to become priestesses and attend religious ceremonies, even though there were different circumstances required at times. Low ranking government positions were made available to them if their husbands and therefore, by extension themselves, were considered to be upper class. Both were given the role as the main caretaker of the house in aspects such as cleanliness and upkeep, as well as caring for the children. Limited citizenship or none at all, depending on the husbands status in society, was granted to women in both ancient civilizations (Schaps 1979, 4-16; Joust 1989, 9-18; Harris 1992, 309-321; Robins 1993, 56-156). Both of these civilizations were patriarchies, causing a suppression of women throughout ancient Athens and Egypt. According to Turner: A patriarchal relationship is one in whichShow MoreRelatedWomen in Ancient Egypt and Greece1311 Words   |  6 PagesWomen in Ancient Egypt and Greece By Morgan L. Harvey Throughout history women have faced many struggles in gaining equality with men. Freedoms and boundaries have been dependent upon the time period, rulers, religions and civilization. Ancient Greek women and Ancient Egyptian women were both equal to men as far as the law was concerned in certain areas; however, their equalities were different in the sense that Greek women were married out of necessity and viewed as property while EgyptianRead MoreA Civilization That Used Propaganda And Control Its People Is Ancient Egypt1764 Words   |  8 PagesAnother civilization that used propaganda to control its people is ancient Egypt. Between 2450 BCE and 2250 BCE, Egyptian elders wrote documents offering advice to their successors. One of these documents was written by the pharaoh, Wahkare, to his son, and another one was written by chief advisor, Ptah-hotep, to Egyptian citizens. These documents were a form of propaganda, and they were important because they instructed Egyptians to obey the ir pharaohs and their superiors, keeping social order, andRead MoreThe New Kingdom : An Era Of Imperial Expansion1203 Words   |  5 Pagesas there were many manuscripts on how to rule properly, or to defend Egypt properly from the â€Å"scary’ outside world. The New Kingdom marks a stark change in view of the outside world. Egyptians begin to become influenced by the other civilizations and enter an era of Imperial expansion. Constant warfare changed Egyptian society leading to greater disparities of wealth and the creation of a strong military class. New wealth was acquired through warfare and the acquisition of lands. However, lots of spendingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie 300 The Battle Of Thermopylae 1560 Words   |  7 Pagesand history by using the classical past to explore social norms, accurately depict the way of life, events that occurred such as the battle of Thermopylae and the nature of people during 500 BCE. 300 is a Hollywood film that focuses primarily on ancient Greece and the battle of Thermopylae as reminisced from history and partly from Frank Miller’s novel, 300. The battle of Thermopylae was a war in which the alliance of Greek city-states such as Athens and Greece went to war against the Persian KingRead MoreAthenian Women : The Ancient City State Of Athens Essay1717 Words   |  7 Pages Athenian Women: The ancient city-state of Athens, spawned many of the essential ingredients of modern civilization--democracy, philosophy, science, and drama. However despite these aspects, Athens like many other civilizations throughout history, was dominated by men. Although the role of women in Athens is highly controversial, the examination of Athenian laws, philosophical and moral writings, and information about the conditions of daily life and the organization of society, reveals women wereRead MoreWhy Ancient Athens Was Not Culturally Competent1721 Words   |  7 Pagesreasons why ancient Athens was not culturally competent, yet they do have a sense of morals and principles. This applies to the definition of cultural competence: looking at new people/societies through the lens of self-awareness, perspective, analysis, cultural wisdom, empathy, and circumstances, and not instantly making assumptions about people. Furthermore, there is the notion of applying ideals from our modern society, a c ompletely different and idealistic society compared to ancient Athens, toRead MoreWomen’s Lives Throughout Time Essay2199 Words   |  9 PagesSince the creation of time women have always had to submit to the power and authority of men; starting with ancient civilizations such as Egyptian and Greek and up to the Renaissance period women had always come second to men. The powers in government, roles in society, and duties at home during these two time periods have moderately transformed over time but continued to be suppressed by the male dominant figure leading up to and through out the Renaissance period. Therefore continuing to limitRead MoreEssay on Rights Of Egyptian Women1669 Words   |  7 Pages Rights of Egyptian Women nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Throughout written history, women have experienced status subservient to the men they lived with. Generally, most cultures known to modern historians followed a standard pattern of males assigned the role of protector and provider while women were assigned roles of domestic servitude. Scholars speculate endlessly at the cause: biology, religion, social custom. Nevertheless, the women were always subordinated to the men in their culture. ThroughRead MoreAncient Greece : A Single Political Body850 Words   |  4 Pages In the first section of the chapter describing ancient Greece, Paul Cartledge explains that researchers know how and in what way the ancient Greeks surrendered in battle, but do not know exactly why they surrendered since they did not keep a comprehensive account of their surrenders. Cartledge goes on to describe ancient Greece, not as a single political body, but being composed of one thousand separate, widely dispersed entities known as city-states. Some of these city-states, including AthensRead MoreRole of Women in Ancient Greece and Egypt2493 Words   |  10 PagesThe Role of Women in Ancient Greece and Egypt Throughout history, most societies held women in an inferior status compared to that of men. This was often justified as being the natural result of biological differences between the sexes. In many societies, for example, people believed women to be more emotional and less decisive than men. Women were also viewed to be less intelligent and less creative by nature. However, research shows that women and men have the same range of emotional, intellectual

The Code Of Ethics, My Supervisor And I Reviewed At Length...

Social Work Competencies When addressing the NASW code of ethics, my supervisor and I reviewed at length many of the internal issues I have had over the last year in the program. We discussed many issues ranging from Medicare/Medicaid to Immigration. Most of my own issues were internal and these internal issues did not come to play when engaging in the moment with the client. However, many of the issues that were being worked on between the client and myself, the growth of the client stagnated at times and my ability to provide efficient and quality services, I believe also stagnated at times because of this internal struggle. For me, I had to do some soul searching and find some common ground with the client, and look at myself. As I have discussed in previous papers, I truly found the training with Xavier Amador and DBT (Dialectal Behavior Therapy) help me process many of these internal struggles. LEAP focuses on transforming the relationship first. One does not win on the strength of the argument, one wins on the strength of the relationship. With LEAP, one’s opinions are no longer like a lot of hot air and are more like the wind in a sailboat’s sails that moves the person where you want him, to safe harbors. LEAP teaches individuals the genuine understanding, empathy and respect for someone’s point of view, even when you disagree with it, you are free to find common ground on which you can partner (The LEAP Institute, 2016). One specific example comes to mind. ThisShow MoreRelatedEthics of Workplace Discrimination Essay1434 Words   |  6 PagesWorkplace ethics are standards or codes that determines right and wrong moral behavior in the work environment. Discrimination is defined as â€Å"the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people or things, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex.† (Oxford Dictionary) Workplace discrimination deals with issues such as religion, race, gender, disability, age, and sexual orientation. Covering all of these issues is beyond the scope of this paper, therefore, I will focus onRead MoreSources of Ethics20199 Words   |  81 PagesOF ETHICS: 6 1- Religion: 6 2- Genetic Inheritance: 8 3- Philosophical Systems: 8 4- Cultural Experience: 8 5- The Legal System: 9 6- Codes of Conduct: 9 2.0- EXPLANATION OF THE SOURCES OF ETHICS: 10 2.1- RELIGION: 10 Teaching business ethics 12 2.11- Impact Of Religiosity: 13 2.12- Ethics Of Islam: 14 Nature of Islamic Ethics 17 The Human-Environment Relationship: 20 The Sustainable Care of Nature: 22 The Practice of Islamic Environmental Ethics: 22 Read MoreMarriage and Family Therapy Essay3257 Words   |  14 PagesTherapists; licensure requirements and examinations; methods of supervision; client advocacy; multiculturalism and diversity. The author will discuss significant aspects to the field of Marriage and Family Therapy such as MFT identity, function, and ethics of the profession. This paper will assess biblical values in relation to Marriage and Family Therapists and to the field itself. In conclusion, the author will provide reflections on Marriage and Family Therapy and the personal commitment to provideRead MoreEssay on Ethics Hser 5118229 Words   |  33 PagesGroup Ethics Kana Crumby Liberty University Abstract This paper seeks to examine group and individual therapy models to determine which model is most successful based on empirical evidence and case studies that will be reviewed and discussed within this paper. All age ranges will be looked at when making the determination as to which model is superior and results in more successful and long-term solutions for the needs of the individual going through therapy. Further, this paper  seeksRead MoreEvidence Based Social Work Practice in Mental Health3768 Words   |  16 Pagesnot to alarm the client and normally this needs to be undertaken in a setting that puts the client at ease as much as is possible. In order to be clear with the client, the social worker needs to layout the expectations of the assessment time i.e. length of time required, what is involved, possible outcomes, and the transparency of the process and issues of confidentiality. It is also important to clarify the amount of participation that is required from the differe nt parties present so as to encourageRead MoreDisciplinary Procedure and Its Effects on Employees8677 Words   |  35 Pagesinterpersonal communication, written communication and the management skills list must be utilized to assist the employees. Poorly implemented procedures may negatively impact work place performance. The following must be present for employees:- I. Clear expectation must be established before disciplinary procedures can be implemented; the employees have to know exactly what is expected of them. (Job description outlining is expected). II. Process, good employees will not perceive correctiveRead MoreMastering Graduate Studies 1e32499 Words   |  130 Pagespreparedness for each part. Make a plan now. specific field. While I was pursuing my graduate degree, my home was burglarized, my computer crashed, and my daughter was injured and required a serious surgical procedure. I got tired. I got stressed. However, I had people to talk me through it; but, more importantly, I decided for myself that the goal was worth the price being paid. As soon as I felt I could not go on, my resolve and my faith gave me a fresh reservoir of energy to continue. A source ofRead MoreSharon Construction7271 Words   |  30 Pages7 Assignments 7 Three Papers 7 Paper 1 8 Paper 2 8 Paper 3 8 Ten Responses 9 Business Letters 9 Memos 9 Corporate Social Responsibility 9 Issues, Reasons and Conclusions 10 Resumes and Cover Letter 10 Quality 10 Ethics 11 Financial Analysis 11 Strategy 11 Current Events 12 Grammar and Punctuation 12 Tips on Writing 12 Plagiarism and Academic Integrity 15 Guidelines (Prompts) 15 Appendix 16 BADM 2003W, ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS ISSUES WRITING HANDBOOK Read MoreHistory of Management Thought Revision17812 Words   |  72 Pagespoint of view. b. Took a home study course to get his college degree in mechanical engineering. c. As a worker, then a first line supervisor, he observed numerous industrial practices that led him to his life s work. d. Restriction of output which Taylor classified into natural soldiering and systematic soldiering. e. Taylor thought maybe a supervisor could inspire or force workers to stop natural soldiering. f. Systematic soldiering resulted from group pressures for individualsRead MoreAccounting Systems, Internal Controls, and Ethics28179 Words   |  113 Pages Accounting Information Systems ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS, INTERNAL CONTROLS, AND ETHICS Prepared for the course team by Vimlesh B. Narayan Unit 1 Contents Unit 1 Contents 2 Concept Map 3 Learning Outcomes 4 1.1 Introduction 5 1.2 Accounting System Design 6 System Objectives and Design Factors 6 Designing the System 8 1.3 Internal Control Systems 17 Objectives of Internal Control Systems 17 Structure of Internal Control Systems 18 Why You Should Consider the

Human Resource (Employees) Is the Most Important Asset of...

Question : â€Å"Human Resource (employees) is the most important asset of an organization.† Introduction Traditionally, human resource focused mainly on administrative functions and process personnel management. However, due to technology advancement, administrative tasks have reduced. The role of human resource has shifted and seems to be taking up more responsibility in company strategic planning and development. This theory has been supported in the work of Noe et al (2010, p.719) Durai (2010, p.109) stated, â€Å"Employees are the precious asset of an organization†. In view of this statement, human resource planning plays an important role to optimize the utilization of its asset in term of cost and productivity. Involvement with†¦show more content†¦As mentioned in the article by Daly D (2009), skilled-based pay is the remuneration to payout employees with a better skilled knowledge that related to the job. Employees who have attained new skill and knowledge will be compensated more comparing to their co-colleagues. Taking an example of a technician in a manufacturing organization, he will be rewarded once he has completed the machine repair and maintenance program. In order for him to continue to be compensated with better basic pay, he has to continue to upgrade his skillsets. Once the employees’ market value has increased, he will be motivated to contribute more to the organization and improve productivity. Effectiveness of Job Rotation Recognition Apart from monetary rewards, job rotation has a function to motivate employees to enhance their skill knowledge and contribute more to the organization. Job rotation is systematic procedure whereby individual employee is shifted from current position or department to another in a given period of time. Employees will be multi skilled and able to support the organization when skillsets are required. When a job is less lifeless or monotonous, employees will perform better and improve productivity. Hence, employees will gain a promotion and increase their income. (Noe et al, p. 430) Effectiveness of Recognition Recognize andShow MoreRelatedâ€Å"Human Resource (Employees) Is the Most Important Asset of an Organization.1034 Words   |  5 Pagesexamples to support your answer. â€Å"Human Resource (employees) is the most important asset of an organization. Throughout the years, the importance of employee have increasingly emphasized in organizations. With todays workforce becoming increasingly diverse and organizations doing more to maximize the benefits of the differences in employees, Human Resource managers are evolving from the old school side-line player to the front-line fighters. Organizations are relying on managers to get the peopleRead MoreHuman Resource Is the Most Important Asset of an Organization1180 Words   |  5 PagesNowadays many organizations like to emphasize on gaining a competitive advantage in the market. The advance equipments, new technology, good marketing strategic, excellent customer services and many other elements can be the factors to build up for the advantages. However, human resource is still the most important element to determining the success or failure of an organization. Without their support, the organization daily business function will not be done well and ready. Human resource is alwaysRead MoreHrm - Employee Is the Most Important Asset790 Words   |  4 PagesINTRODUCTION â€Å"Human Resource is the most important asset of an organization†. In Singapore, where there are no natural resources, human capital is one of the valuable resources that the country depends on to attract foreign investors. The skills, knowledge and experience of each individual contribute to the growth of organizations, communities and the development of the nation. With todays workforce becoming more diverse, the importance of employee has also been increasingly highlighted in theRead MoreIntergrating the Basics1370 Words   |  6 PagesMachines do not have a brain, we all know this fact. All machines are run by the human. Not any organization in the world exit without human resources. As managing human resources is one of the important function in the organization I develop my human resource philosophy comparing with my current employer Voith Hydro Inc. with the previous employer Jyoti ltd. Voith-Engineered Reliability is the punch line of a Voith. Voith is the global company supplying hydro electrical equipments throughout theRead MoreTheories and Philosophies of Human Resources Development1319 Words   |  6 Pagesabout Human Resources Development (HRD). I now have a better understanding on the history of human resources development, the different theories and philosophies of HRD, and skills pertaining to analyzing an organization’s human assets and the processes related to human capital development. Human assets are the skills and abilities that employees and other members of an organization add to the organization as a whole. Some human assets are exceptionally valuable. For instance, employees who receiveRead MoreOrganizing Paper Mgt 3301060 Words   |  5 Pages Each business and organization has their own way on how the operate as well as how they organize within their organization. Different organizations have different operations, responsibilities as well as services that they provide. When organizations are operating they have certain plans, policies, and rules to develop and follow in order to have efficient strategies. When a new project is put into effect, the strategies will then need to be put into effect. When organizations such as Target implementsRead MoreMicrosoft s Business Environment And How It Is Human Resource805 Words   |  4 PagesMicrosoft’s Business Environment and how it relates to Human Resource According to Tech Target, Microsoft is one of the world’s most competitive and leading producers of computer software (Rouse, 2007). Initially the company was established in 1981 but their foundation can be rooted back to 1975 (Rouse, 2007). Microsoft’s organization has seven components of their structure. These components consist of value, major shareholders, employees, revenue, board of directors, advisors, and subsidiariesRead MoreInternal Control Essay1591 Words   |  7 PagesCase Study 2 – Internal Control 1. Inform the president of any new internal control requirements if the company decides to go public Each of the five components of an internal control system is important. Let us focus on the control activities. 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It is stated in many of organizational’s annual reports that the employees are the most important and valuable assetsRead MoreNew-Hire Onboarding and Information Security Essay1000 Words   |  4 PagesNew employees, full-time or non-employee contractors, present a number of risks in regards to information security. These risks can be mitigated with well-designed and thorough interview and onboarding processes. An organization’s human resources department must have guidelines in place for interviewers and hiring managers to follow to allow for high-risk potential candidates to be filtered out prior to hiring. The importance of information security as part of the hiring process is so important; the

Artificial Heart Research an Historical Perspective Free Essays

Artificial Heart Research: An Historical Perspective (Rayan R. Joshi Third-year paper Food and Drug Law Advisor: Peter Barton Hutt) Good reasons for artificial hearts: * There are not enough heart donors (â€Å"Each year, about 30,000patients are deemed eligible candidates for heart transplantation. However, only a small fraction of this group, numbering about 2000, actually winds up receiving donor hearts. We will write a custom essay sample on Artificial Heart Research: an Historical Perspective or any similar topic only for you Order Now Given the current figures, it is unlikely that the supply of donor hearts will increase enough to render all transplantation a viable means of combating end-stage heart disease on a macro level. ) Public opinions * Dr. Cooley believed that focusing the public’s attention on the technology’s future potential would have a positive effect on the field of research as a whole. * However, Cooley had grossly miscalculated in the realm of public opinion * Confronted with the gruesome images of a suffering human patient, society at large began to regard the entire held of artificial heart technology as â€Å"more monstrous than miraculous,† and research efforts in this area were quelled to a substantial degree. Nevertheless, given the state of the economy in the 80’s, and the aversion towards this area of research held by many members of society, the Jarvik team ( a team working on designing a artificial heart) was strapped for much needed funding. * The extremely large amount of media coverage provided to the Clark operation proved to be a double-edged sword for researchers in this area. While the press’ love affair with Clark’s story initially focused public attention on the amazing potential benefits of heart research, the vivid and disturbing images of Clark’s suffering after his operation shifted public opinion squarely in the opposite direction. Commentators who had once championed the efforts of ambitious heart surgeons now openly questioned whether it was appropriate for human physicians to be â€Å"playing God† in this area. If society were to somehow lose interest in the potential benefits of MCSS technology, then researchers in this area would lose access to the public and private funding that they desperately need in order to ensure continued advancement. * The scientific import of the heart, combined with its cultural significance, renders heart research a particularly sensitive area in which to pursue the betterment of society. Nevertheless, pioneers with the courage to plow forward in this field over the last half century hav e saved countless lives as a result of their unwavering efforts. One thing, however, remains clear. If society is ever to reap the full rewards offered by MCSS technology, it will have to recalibrate its attitudes regarding the field in a more open-minded direction, one that hinges less on short term success, and more on long-term progress. Heroic patients like Barney Clark have accepted this challenge. Time will tell if society at large is capable of doing the same. There are two main branches of heart technology. Partial Artificial hearts: Partial devices supplement patients’ natural heart function, assisting those patients whose organs, while somewhat viable, are incapable of functioning adequately on their own Total artificial hearts: ( we should focus on this !! ) * Total artificial hearts (TAH), on the other hand, are devices that actually replace patients’ natural hearts. Such devices are designed for situations in which natural organs are so damaged that even supplementation via a partial device isn’t enough to produce sufficient circulatory function. Collectively, partial and total artificial heart devices are classified as mechanical circulatory support systems (MCSS). 3 ways these technologies help 1 First, devices can serve asâ€Å"bridges† to transplant, allowing patients’ conditions to stabilize while they await the delivery of donorhearts. 2 Second, partial devices can be used, either temporarily or permanently, to allow a patient’s natural heart to rest and recover following periods of distress. 3 Finally, TAH devices can potentially serve as permanent replacements for those patients whose natural hearts are too damaged to permit recovery through alternative means. Replacement TAH devices represent the cutting edge of technology in this field. Rules and regulations * Artificial heart technology is subject to FDA regulation under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 (Act†). * The Medical Device Amendments of 1976 (Amendments†) to the Act establish three regula- * tory classes for medical devices, ased on the degree of control necessary to assure that the various types of * devices are safe and e ective. † * Artificial heart devices are considered part of Class III, and are thus subject to the heaviest possible regulation. A Class III device is defied in the Amendments as one that supports or sustains human life or is of substantial importance in preventing impairment of human health or presents a potential, unreasonable risk of illness or injury. * Class III medical devices may not be marketed by firms until the FDA has approved a pre-market approval (PMA) application under Section 515 of the Act. Dr. Michael E. De Bakey- a prominent surgeon at the Baylor College of Medicine in Houston * His research interests led him to form a team whose purpose was to explore the feasibility of building an artificial device that could replace the natural human heart. The history of total artificial hearts 60’s * The development of total artificial heart technology can be traced to the early 1960’s. * Indeed, by 1965, * a federal artificial heart program had been created, and its enabling legislation asserted that the program’s * The visions of Cooley and Liotta came to fruition on April 4, 1969. That day, Cooley implanted an artificial heart into the chest cavity of 47 year old Haskell Karp of Skokie, Illinois, a printing estimator with a long history of heart related problems. Karp died from an infection and related complications shortly after having the operation * In response to the relative failure of the Karp experiment, stunted for more than a decade. 70’s * by 1971, Dr. DeBakey himself became convinced that existing total artificial heart technology could not overcome the hurdles intrinsic within the human body. DeBakey was primarily concerned with two major problems. * First, scientists had to develop a power source that could be totally implantable, in order to reduce the risk of infection that was created by tethering artificial devices to external sources through skin penetrating pumps. Second, researchers had to discover and refine a non-clotting surface for the parts of the pump that actually came into contact with blood. Otherwise, the associated risk of stroke in patients would remain too high to warrant use of the technology. DeBakey ultimately determined that his time was better spent pursuing alternative avenues of heart research, asserting â€Å"I decided to stop putting my energies and efforts into a total artificial heart. † 80’s * In the early 1980’s a new figure named Dr. Robert Jarvik embarked on the quest for a well-functioning total artificial heart. The Jarvik-7 ( his design of a artificial heart) was a total heart that completely replaced the natural organ within the body’s chest cavity * On December 2, 1982, a patient, Barney Clark received a Jarvik-7 implant in Salt Lake City. * Barney Clark was able to survive 112 days with the device however it came with a lot of complications. His blood kept clotting as it went through the heart which caused several strokes. * The artificial heart also had technological malfunctioning * The Jarvik-7 was implanted in a second patient, 53 year-old William Schroeder, at the Humana Heart Institute in Louisville, Kentucky. Schroeder actually survived on the device for 18 months. * Like Clark, however, Schroeder was plagued by multiple strokes, infections, and hemorrhages throughout the course of his treatment. * When asked directly for his opinion about the Jarvik-7, Schroeder made a horrible gesture, like he’d like to kill it or strangle it. * After Schroeder’s death, public sentiment against artificial heart research reached alarming levels. * In response, FDA effectively revoked the IDE granted to the Jarvik-7 program. * Most researchers now became convinced, as DeBakey had a decade earlier, that the quest for an effective total rtificial heart was simply a fruitless endeavor. * . As a result of these forces, researchers and surgeons now began to bolster their efforts at finding alternative ways to combat heart disease 90’s * As doctors becamemore adept at using anticoagulant drugs to reduce the risk of stroke associated with these transplants, the success rate of the device continued to improve. * Indeed, since 1993, 147 patients hav e been supported by Jarvik’s original artificial heart, and 88 of these patients ultimately survived till their scheduled organ transplants The non-pulsatile LVAD * Dr. Richard Wampler, began to develop a non-pulsatile LVAD. Wampler was convinced that the body might not necessarily need a pulse to function effectively. This belief in â€Å"continuous flow† pumps was rooted in his observations of how blood actually functions within the human body. * After 1988. Indeed, over 100 patients who could not utilize standard LVAD systems were saved by this technology. Notes mechanical circulatory support systems (MCSS) Total artificial hearts (TAH) the American Heart Association LVAD = left ventricular assist device â€Å"bridge to recovery. â€Å"= using partial artificial hearts you can help the patient stay alive while waiting for a donor. And in some cases an LVAD device can even â€Å"cure† the heart so that it can beat on its own, and does not need a donor. AbioCor Implantable Replacement Heart: This device is a fully implantable prosthetic system, intended as a destination therapy for patients whose natural hearts are severely damaged due to conditions involving coronary heart disease or some form of congestive end-stage heart failure How to cite Artificial Heart Research: an Historical Perspective, Papers

So There by Ben Folds free essay sample

Over the years, Ben Folds has been distinguished for his witty lyrics, his stunning honesty, his clever vocals, his genius symphonies. Folds is especially known for his legitimacy; he writes whatever is on his mind, revealing his cards to the world as they are. He is known for being genre-defying: a musician of a very wide, colorful spectrum of the utmost open mindedness. The album So There, released in September 2015, further proves every acclamation about his work. So There effortlessly overlaps refreshing pop and classical arrangements into a critically acclaimed masterpiece. In an interview published on the Ben Folds’ website, Folds discloses his thoughts about his latest album: Maybe I should just say this is one of the best records Ive made and leave it at that. This is a staggering declaration coming from a man who saw a total of thirteen of his albums reach the Billboard 200 Albums list. Folds, being a fairly humble artist, was clearly ecstatic about his newest release, and for good reason. So There holds eleven unforgettable tracks within its contents, but a few, in my opinion, are especially worth noting. The album begins with a memorable rhythm and chorus, titled â€Å"Capable of Anything.† It is a bittersweet song that skillfully presents an uplifting tune with somewhat veiled condescending lyrics. Leading up to the chorus, Folds writes, â€Å"They sing it like a pop song: / ‘You’re capable of anything.’ / And I’m sure they meant / You could be president / Or you could just forgive me. / But I stopped caring what you think about me†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Folds mocks society by quoting the modern cliche that states that we are all â€Å"capable of anything;† we just have to set our minds to it. He holds his cynicism throughout the song: â€Å"You don’t seem to think that / You could steal, or cheat, or kill, or lie, / But you might.† Despite its discreet patronizing tone, â€Å"Capable of Anything† contains one o f the happiest sounds on the album, with various flutes and strings to accompany Folds’ vocals. All in all, it is a great morning melody that simply makes you want to sing along. The following song in So There, â€Å"Not a Fan,† is one of my favorites on the album. Folds’ lyrics are conversational, beginning happily and romantically, while gradually winding down into realization and melancholy. The song embarks with Folds relaying that he is open-minded about minor differences in his relationship; he waves them off as things that he could eventually â€Å"learn† to get over through compromise. In fact, he writes, â€Å"It’s not my cup of tea, / But it’s part of what makes you beautiful to me.† However, as the song progresses, it is clear that Folds can’t take being with his significant other any longer, and clarifies that even a small discrepancy in a relationship could end up being â€Å"the very thing that later on will tear it all apart.† Interestingly enough, Folds himself has been married four times; it can be inferred without much doubt that he gathered up past experiences in order to write the ly rics to this song. At any rate, the theme of this tune is very waltz-y; with a rhythm so constant, â€Å"Not a Fan† is sure to find itself in a constant, streaming loop in your mind. The seventh song in So There, â€Å"F10-DA,† is a hilarious and clever track with a fairly vulgar theme (repeat the title fast in your head and you’ll know what I’m talking about). The song itself is a verbal pun with incredibly uplifting instrumentals that render constant chuckles throughout its two minute duration. However, despite its charming sound, I recommend you listen to it with headphones on. â€Å"I’m Not the Man† is my personal favorite, eighth on the album. It is the most melancholic song in So There, following the themes of memory, purpose, change, and failing to be who you’re expected. Folds writes, â€Å"What will they write about me? / What will the version be when all is said and done? / Will they remember all the places seen, all the poems lost, / Or am I just wondering on?† It is the most relatable song on the album, with the perfect amount of piano flowing throughout it. Folds also mentions the concept of death in this song when he writes, â€Å"I’ve buried it all and I’m dancing on my own grave†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Folds has admitted to often contemplating death, and also to the fact that the second movement of his Concerto on the album is, correspondingly, about death as well (according to the Billboard website). This aspect of â€Å"I’m Not the Man† adds to its relatability, and therefore enhances its depth. Additionally, Folds ingeniously isolates his voice during this song, generally avoiding detailed instrumentals (excluding the bridge, which portrays the climax of the song and lists bits and pieces of Folds’ memories).The greatest aspect of â€Å"I’m Not the Man† is that it forces you to reflect and differentiate between who you are, who you used to be, and who you want to be. The last three songs on the album are movements under the Concerto for Piano and Orchestra, conducted by Ben Folds himself. This is where Folds defies genres; this is where it is evident he writes music to write art; this is where it is discovered that he wishes to reveal every detail of music’s magic to his fans. No matter your musical preference, I recommend closing your eyes while listening to these tracks and allowing your mind to drift along the winding path Folds creates through symphony. There is an overwhelming and undeniable sense of authenticity within So There. Folds lays out his cards for all to see; he is not hiding a thing, and states things as they are. He is not afraid to break genre-barriers. He offers lyrics and music that we can relate to, that we can sympathize to, that we can appreciate. In this way, I think the title of this album fits perfectly with Folds’ obvious goal. I like to imagine that he sees his creations as a card game; he writes confidently, presents his music boldly, and even if multiple people object, he simply places his cards on the table, leans back, and declares, â€Å"So There.†